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J. A. WEYLAND.

COMPRESSED AIR STARTING AND HEVERSING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. la. I919.

1 ,3 1 4:, 55 3 Patented Sept. 2, 1919.

Invenfafi Mnrrncy TED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JONAS ALBERT WEYLAND, F DJURSHOLM, SWEDEN.

COMPRESSED-AIR STARTING AND REVERSING DEVICE FOR IN TERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 2, 1919.

Application filed March 13, 1919. Serial No. 282,483.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JONAS ALBERT \VEY- LAND, a subject of the King of Sweden, re-

' siding at Djursholm, in the Kingdom of Sweden, have invented a new and useful Im provement in Compressed-Air Starting and Reversing Devices for Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to an im provement in internal combustion engines of the type which are started or reversed by the aid of compressed air, and which during the period of starting or reversing operate on two cycles, that is to say, with an injection of air into each cylinder during each rotation. The change from four cycles to twowcycles, or vice versa, is easily effected, for instance by meansof any of the .devices described in the Swedish Patents Nos. 23,512, 28,7 89 and 41,365, but the said devices suffer from certain disadvantages. The maneuvering cams ofthe actuating means for the starting air valve and the exhaust valve active during the two-cycle operation have heretofore had equal extension in peripheral direction so that both of said means have been simultaneously brought into and out of operation when turning the maneuvering shaft. The obvious result of such an arrangement is that when during the start ing period the engine operates on two cycles on air of a certain pressure, the starting air is forced into the cylinder during that stroke of the piston which otherwise corresponds to the normal suction period, and if the engine is switched during said period from two-cycle operation to four-cycle operation on fuel, the starting air forced in will be shut up within the cylinder during the succeeding compression stroke, and the compression will then rise to such height that the engine will burst in one manner or other.

The said possibility is securely avoided by means of the present invention which is broadly characterized by this that the member, preferably an ordinary maneuvering cam, by means of which the actuating means for the exhaust valve, active during the twocycle operation, is adjusted into operative position, is so constructed that it maintains said means in operative position during a longer portion of the starting period than that during which the actuating means for the starting air valve is maintained in operative position.

A. simple and suitable manner of carrying out the present invention is to make the maneuvering cam of the actuating means, active during the two-cycle operation, for the exhaust valve with a larger peripheral extension than the maneuvering cam of the actuating means for the starting air valve.

The annexed drawing illustrates the present improvement carried out in the said manner. Figure 1 is a front elevation showing the actuating means active during the four-cycle operation, for the exhaust valve, at the beginning of the starting of the engine, and Fig. 2 is a similar view showing said means at the completion of the starting. Fig. 3 is a front elevation showing the actuating means, active during the two-cycle operation, for the exhaust valve at the beginning of the starting, and Fig. 4: is a similar view showing the same means at the completion of the starting. Fig. 5 is a front elevation showing the actuating means for the starting air valve active during the twocycle operation at the beginning of the starting, and Fig. 6 is a similar view showing the same means at the completion of the starting.

In accordance with the patents above referred to, each of the actuating means shown in the various figures of the drawing con sists in a well-known manner of a lever 1, 1 1 turning on the shaft 2, the so-called maneuvering shaft, and connected at one end 3, 3 3 in suitable manner with the valve to be operated' or with a member transmitting motion to the valve. To the other end of each of said levers a smaller lever 4, 4 4 is pivoted, one end of which is adapted to be actuated by means of a roller 5, 5 5 by the cam or cams 7, 7 7 on the regulatin or cam shaft 6, and the other end of whic is engaged by means of a roller 8, 8 8 by the cam or cams 10, 11, 12 on a cam disk 9, 9 9 on the maneuvering shaft 2. By turning said maneuvering shaft 2 the levers 4:, 4 4? actuated by the cams 10, 11, 12, as described in the prior patents referred to, will occup such positions that the levers 1, 1 I wil become actuated or will not become actuated by the cams 7, 7 7 2 on the regulating shaft 6. In the actuating means for the exhaust valve illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, and which is the only one of the three actuating means referred to which is active during fourcycle operation, the cam 10 of the cam disk 9 has such extension in peripheral direction, as shown in the drawing, that on turning the maneuvering shaft from stop position, the said actuating means and thereby also the exhaust valve will be actuated by the cam 7 during the starting period as well as later during the four-cycle operation. In the actuating means active during the two- 'cycle operation, for the exhaust valve, ac-

cording to Figs. 3 and 4c, the cam dlsk 9 1s provided with two cams 11 one of which is for starting ahead and the other for reverse. In the embodiment illustrated the lever l is provided with a lug 13 which, when during the starting period the lever l is actuated by the cam 7 by engaging the corresponding lug 13 on the lever 1 transmits motion to said lever and thus also to the exhaust valve. In the actuating means for the starting air valveas shOWn'in Figs. 5 and 6 and active during the two-cycle operation, the cam disk 9 is also provided with two cams 12 one for starting ahead and the other for reverse. According to the present invention the maneuvering cams 11 according to Figs. 3 and 4, have a 'considerably larger extension in peripheral direction than the cams 1-2 according to Figs. 5 and 6, consequently,-the exhaust valve will be actuated and opened during each rotation during a longer portion of the starting or two-cycle period than the starting air valve,

and will thus allow the starting air to es cape in case the engine is changed over from two-cycle operation to four-cycle operation during the normal compression stroke.

It will be understood from Figs. 1, 3 and 5'that at the beginning of the starting the normal maneuvering cam 10 for the exhaust valve occupies such position that the lever 1 will not be actuated by the cam 7 on the regulating shaft 6. At the beginning of the starting the maneuvering cams 11 and 12 also occupy the positions with relation to the rollers 8 and 8 which are shown in Figs. 3 and 5, that is to say, said rollers have not yet been forced up on said cams. Such will be the case, however, when as shown in Figs. 2, 4E and 6, the maneuvering shaft 2 is turned for the starting in'one direction or the other, when as shown in Figs. 4 and 6, the cam 11 of the actuating means for the exhaust valve will maintainthe lever 4 within the active range of the regulating cam 7 during a longer time than that during which the starting air cam 12 maintains its lever 4 within the active range of the regulating cams 7 By the turning of the maneuvering shaft the cam 10 has also been moved into such position that it maintains its corresponding lever 4 within the active range of the corresponding regulating cam 7 I claim:

1. In a means for starting internal combustion engines which are being started as two-cycle engines on compressed a1r, the

combination of an actuating means active during the two-cycle operation for actuating the starting air valve, means for adjusting said actuating means into operative position,

an actuating means active during the twocycle operation for actuating the exhaust valve, and means for adjusting said second actuating means into operative position, said second adjusting means being adapted to maintain said second actuating means in operative position during a longer portion of the two-cycle period than that during which said first named adjusting means maintains said first-named actuating means in operative position. 1

2. In a means for starting internal combustion engines which are being started as two-cycle engines on compressed air, the combination of an actuating means active during the two-cycle operation for actuating the starting air valve, a maneuvering cam for ad ustlng sald actuating means into operative. posltlon, an actuatlng means active during the two-cycle operation for actuating the exhaust valve, and a maneuvering cam for adjusting said second actuating means into operative position, said second maneuvering cam having a larger peripheral extension than said first named maneuvering cam for maintaining said second actuating means in operative position during a longer portion of the two-cycle period than that during which said first named maneuvering cam maintains said first named actuating means 1n operatlve posltion.

JONAS ALBERT WEYLAND.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G. 

